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Where Was Fort Grigsby?Historian May Have AnswerBy W. T. Block
If you were searching in Jefferson County for the site of a lost Confederate fortress, would you bother to look within the city limits of Port Neches? Probably not. Yet somewhere between Port Neches Park and the Texaco Inc. dock, old Fort Grigsby once stood. The dock area was its probable location. From that point, the fort's guns could traverse over a wider arc in sighting upon enemy vessels attempting to ascend the river. Its builder, Lt. Col. Getulius Kellersberger, once remarked of it, '"This battery, if ably-manned and defended, can blow anything out of the water that can cross the bar." Kellersberger, Confederate chief engineer for East Texas, built no less than 20 Confederate forts at points between tile Brazes and Sabine Rivers (including Forts Griffin and Manhassett) and as far west as Austin. Actually, Fort Grigsby was a hastily-constructed fortification of mud and clamshell embankments shored up by upright pointed logs. Its main battery was two 24-pounder long-iron guns. It also had a "substantial" arsenal and bombproof. After the fort was abandoned in the summer of 1863, these slime guns were two of the six used by Lt. Dick Dowling to mangle two Union warships at the second Battle of Sabine Pass. The decision to build Fort Grigsby was made on October 2, 1862. On that date, Col. Ashley Spaight, in command at Beaumont, requested guns, men, and the services of Col. (then Major) Kellersberger to construct new defenses along the two rivers. The following day, the engineer left Houston with men and supplies to begin construction at Fort Grigsby, and fifteen days later, could report that it was nearing completion. Usually, from 200 to 300 slaves were used on such projects. At the same moment, a squadron of three Union ships was in Sabine Lake, depredating Sabine Pass and the railroad along the lake's shores. In a three-week orgy of destruction, they burned Sabine's railway station, roundhouse, two sawmills, many residences, and set fire to Taylor's Bayou railroad bridge. Col. Spaight apparently gave up hope of holding Sabine Pass and Lake, and, by fortifying the rivers, prepared to defend only Beaumont and Orange. Fort Sabine, at Sabine Pass, had been abandoned on September 24, 1862; its 30 defenders having spiked their guns and retreated to Beaumont with their supplies and stores. At the time, most of Spaight's troops were furloughed or convalescent due to yellow fever and measles epidemics. Kellersberger also built a Sabine River fort on a shell bank eight rifles south of Orange and armed it with three 32 pounder guns. On the bars of the two rivers, he scuttled 80-foot barges loaded with clamshell, so designed that the rivers could admit only shallow-draft river steamers. Fort Grigsby was apparently abandoned after July of 1863. It would be pointless for souvenir hunters to seek its site because its guns, munitions, and stores were moved to the then-unfinished Fort Griffin. In its tiny, Fort Grigsby must have been well-known to the commanding general in Houston. On September 9, 1863, the day after Dowling's triumph, Gen. J. B. Magruder sent a dispatch from Sabine Pass to the Headquarters, Trans-Mississippi Department. In it, he erroneously reported that Dowling's victory had taken place at Fort Grigsby rather than at Fort Griffin.
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